DIVISION III
CONTROL OF DRUG ABUSE
This section contains:
RULE 55 - Doping
RULE 56 - Ancillary Offences
RULE 57 - Out-of-Competition Testing
RULE 58 - Responsibility for Doping Control
RULE 59 - Disciplinary Procedures for Doping Offences
RULE 60 - Sanctions
RULE 61 - Recognition
RULE 55 - Doping
1. Doping is strictly forbidden and is an offence under IAAF Rules.
2. The offence of doping takes place when either:
(i) a prohibited substance is present within an athlete’s body tissues or fluids; or
(ii) an athlete uses or takes advantage of a prohibited technique; or
(iii) an athlete admits having used or taken advantage of a prohibited substance or a prohibited technique. (See also Rule 56.)
3. Prohibited substances include those listed in Schedule 1 to the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control". This list shall be constantly reviewed by the Anti-doping Commission and may be added to or amended by them. Such addition or amendment must be approved by the Council, and shall come into force three months from the date of such approval.
4. It is an athlete’s duty to ensure that no substance enters his body tissues or fluids which is prohibited under these Rules is present in his body tissues or fluids. Athletes are warned that they are responsible for all or any substance present in their body.
5. An athlete may request the Anti-doping Commission to grant prior exemption allowing him to take a substance normally prohibited under IAAF Rules. Such an exemption will only be granted in cases of clear and compelling clinical need. Details of the procedure for such an application are to be found in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control".
6. The expression "prohibited substance" shall include a metabolite of a prohibited substance.
7. The expression "prohibited technique" shall include:
(a) blood doping;
(b) use of substances and methods which alter the integrity and validity of samples used in doping control.
However, a fuller, non exhaustive, list of such techniques is to be
found in Schedule 2 of the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control". (See also Rule 60.2 "Sanctions".)
8. An admission may be made either orally in a verifiable manner or in writing. For the purpose of these Rules, a statement is not to be regarded as an admission where it was made more than six years after the facts to which it relates.
9. An Anti-doping Commission shall be appointed by the Council on the recommendation of the Medical Committee. It shall report to the Council and Medical Committee with whom it shall consult when necessary. Its function shall be to advise the IAAF on all matters relating to doping generally, as well as specific matters outlined in these Rules. It shall consist of up to 5 members who shall meet or consult regularly on an informal basis.
10. Procedural and administrative guidelines for the conduct of doping control shall be determined by the Anti-doping Commission. These guidelines shall be known as the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control". These guidelines or any proposed amendment to them must be approved by the Council and shall come into force three months from the date of such approval.
11. A departure or departures from the procedures set out in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control" shall not invalidate the finding that a prohibited substance was present in a sample or that a prohibited technique had been used, unless this departure, was such as to cast real doubt on the reliability of such a finding.
12. The IAAF or its Members may delegate the collection of samples to any Member, governmental agency or any other third party that they deem suitable.
RULE 56 - Ancillary Offences
1. An athlete who fails or refuses to submit to doping control after having been requested to do so by the responsible official will have committed a doping offence and will be subject to sanctions in accordance with Rule 60. This fact shall be reported to the IAAF and his national governing body.
2. An athlete shall only be entitled to refuse to provide a blood sample in circumstances where the mandatory procedures and safeguards set out in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control" are not observed.
3. Any person assisting or inciting others, or admitting having incited or assisted others, to use a prohibited substance, or prohibited techniques, shall have committed a doping offence and shall be subject to sanctions in accordance with Rule 60. If that person is not an athlete, then the Council may, at its discretion, impose an appropriate sanction.
4. Any person trading, trafficking, distributing or selling any prohibited substance otherwise than in the normal course of a recognised profession or trade shall also have committed a doping offence under these Rules and shall be subject to sanctions in accordance with Rule 60.
RULE 57 - Out-of-Competition Testing
1. It is a condition of membership of the IAAF that a Member includes within its constitution:-
(i) a provision obliging that Member to conduct out-of-competition doping control, a report of which must be submitted to the IAAF annually; and
(ii) a provision allowing the IAAF to conduct doping control at that Member’s National Championships or any similar meeting; and
(iii) a provision allowing the IAAF to conduct out-of-competition testing on that Member’s athletes.
2. Procedural guidelines for the conduct of out-of-competition testing are to be found in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control".
3. No athlete shall be allowed to compete in his National Championships, nor shall a Member grant a permit under Rule 12.4, unless and until such athlete agrees to subject himself to out-ofcompetition testing by both the Member and the IAAF.
4. On the request of the IAAF to the relevant Member Federation, an athlete shall be required to keep a current address on file with the IAAF or the athlete's National Federation. The athlete shall immediately inform the IAAF or the National Federation, as the case may be, of any change in that address for more than three days for any reason other than participation in international competitions in athletics, in which event he shall inform the IAAF or his National Federation of the temporary address at which he may be contacted. The athlete may also be required to keep on file a training schedule, showing the times and places when he may routinely be found training. The failure by an athlete to keep an address (including any temporary address) or, if required, a training schedule on file, or the filing of false information, will be considered a doping offence.
If it is documented that, on three or more consecutive occasions on separate days, a testing official has been unable to find the athlete, that documentation may be introduced as evidence of the commission of this offence. In cases where an athlete informs his National Federation of
his address, change of address or temporary address in accordance
with this Rule, the National Federation shall in turn be required to
notify the IAAF immediately of all such details.
5. Where an athlete declines to provide a sample, or, otherwise indicates his unwillingness to submit to doping control, on the basis that he has retired, such athlete will not be eligible to resume competition until such time as he has complied with the terms of IAAF Rule 57.6 below.
6. Where an athlete has been declared ineligible for a period, other than life, and wishes to resume competing after his period of ineligibility has expired, he must make himself available for out-ofcompetition testing at any time during his period of ineligibility. Where an athlete has been rendered ineligible for two years or more, a minimum of three tests must be conducted by the Member with at least four months between each test. The results of the tests must be reported to the IAAF. In addition, immediately prior to the end of the suspension period, an athlete must undergo testing for the full range of prohibited substances. (See also Rule 60.7.)
7. Out-of-Competition testing shall be conducted only in respect of the substances listed in Schedule 1, Part III of the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control".
8. It is the duty of any Member or officer of a Member to assist the IAAF and, if appropriate, other Members in the carrying out of such testing, and any Member or officer of a Member preventing, hindering or otherwise obstructing the carrying out of such testing shall be liable to sanctions under the Rules of the IAAF.
RULE 58 - Responsibility for Doping Control
1. The IAAF will be responsible for doping control at:-
(i) World Championships;
(ii) World Cups;
(iii) Golden League, Grand Prix, Grand Prix II Meetings;
(iv) IAAF Permit Meetings;
(v) On other occasions where random and/or designated testing is carried out by the IAAF, for example Area Group Championships or meetings. At these meetings an IAAF or Area representative shall be present.
2. In all other cases (except where doping control is carried out under the rules of another sporting body), the Member conducting the controls or in whose territory a meeting is held will be responsible for doping control.
3. Where testing is the responsibility of, or is carried out by, a Member, that Member should adhere, as far as is possible under the circumstances, to the recommended procedures contained in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control".
RULE 59 - Disciplinary Procedures for Doping Offences
1. Where a doping offence has taken place, disciplinary proceedings
will take place in three stages:
(i) suspension;
(ii) hearing;
(iii) ineligibility.
2. The athlete shall be suspended from the time the IAAF, or, as appropriate, an Area or a Member, reports that there is evidence that a doping offence has taken place. Where doping control is the responsibility of the IAAF under IAAF Rule 58.1, the relevant suspension shall be imposed by the IAAF. Where doping control is the responsibility of an Area or a Member, the National Federation of the athlete shall impose the relevant suspension. If, in the opinion of the IAAF, a National Federation has failed properly to impose a suspension, the IAAF may itself impose that suspension.
3. Every athlete shall have the right to request a hearing before the relevant tribunal of his National Federation, before any decision on eligibility is reached. When the athlete is notified that it is believed that a doping offence has taken place, he shall also be told of his right to a hearing. If an athlete does not return the notice within 28 days of receipt of notification, he will be deemed to have waived his right to a hearing.
4. If an athlete is found to have committed a doping offence, and this is confirmed after a hearing, or the athlete waives his right to a hearing, he shall be declared ineligible. The declaration shall be made by the IAAF if the doping control is under the responsibility of the IAAF; otherwise it shall be made by the Member. If, in the opinion of the IAAF, the Member has failed properly to declare an athlete ineligible, the IAAF shall itself make such a declaration. In addition, where testing was conducted in a competition, the athlete shall be disqualified from that competition and the result amended accordingly. His ineligibility shall begin from the date of suspension. Performances achieved from the date on which the sample was provided shall be annulled.
Note: In cases where doping control is the responsibility of the IAAF (see IAAF Rule 58.1), the decision that an athlete has committed a doping offence shall be taken by the Member and the IAAF shall declare the athlete ineligible for the appropriate period under IAAF Rule 60.2 on receipt of the Member's decision. In all other cases, the Member has responsibility for declaring the athlete ineligible. If the Member, after having held a hearing, reinstates an athlete, and the Commission appointed by the Council pursuant to Rule 21.7, refers the case to CAS, the Council may suspend the athlete pending the CAS decision.
5. Where a Member has, under Rule 21.1, delegated the conduct of its hearing to any body, committee or tribunal (whether within or outside of that Member), or where for any other reason, any body, committee, or tribunal outside of the Member is responsible for affording an athlete his hearing pursuant to Rule 59.3, for the purposes of Rules 21.3 (i) and (ii), the decision of that body, committee or tribunal shall be deemed to be the decision of the Member.
6. Where a hearing takes place pursuant to Rule 59.3, the Member shall have the burden of proving, beyond reasonable doubt, that a doping offence has been committed.
7. More detailed guidelines for the conduct of disciplinary procedures are to be found in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control". See also Rule 21 above for the procedures to be followed.
RULE 60 - Sanctions
1. For the purpose of these Rules, the following shall be regarded as "doping offences" (see also Rule 55.2):-
(i) the presence in an athlete’s body tissues or fluids of a prohibited substance;
(ii) the use or taking advantage of forbidden techniques;
(iii) admitting having taken advantage of, or having used, or having attempted to use, a prohibited substance or a prohibited technique;
(iv) the failure or refusal of an athlete to submit to doping control (Rule 56.1);
(v) the failure or refusal of an athlete to provide a blood sample;
(vi) assisting or inciting others to use a prohibited substance or prohibited technique, or admitting having assisted or incited others (Rule 56.3).
(vii) trading, trafficking, distributing or selling any prohibited substance.
2. If an athlete commits a doping offence, he will be ineligible for the following periods:
(a) for an offence under Rule 60.1(i) or 60.1(iii) above involving the substances listed in Part I of Schedule 1 of the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control" or, for any of the other offences listed in Rule 60.1:-
(i) first offence - for a minimum of two years from the date of the hearing at which it is decided that a Doping Offence has been committed. When an athlete has served a period of suspension prior to a declaration of ineligibility, such a period of suspension shall be deducted from the period of ineligibility imposed by the relevant Tribunal;
(ii) second offence - for life.
(b) for an offence under Rule 60.1(i) or 60.1(iii) above, involving the substances in Part II of Schedule 1 of the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control":-
(i) first offence — shall be given a public warning and be disqualified from the competition at which the sample was collected;
(ii) second offence - for a minimum of two years from the date of the hearing at which it was decided that a Doping Offence has been committed. When an athlete has served a period of suspension prior to a declaration of ineligibility, such a period of suspension shall be deducted from the period of ineligibility imposed by the relevant Tribunal.;
(iii) third offence — for life.
Note: An offence under Rule 60.2 (a) is also deemed as first offence.
(c) for an offence under Rule 60.1 (vii) involving any of the substances listed in Schedule 1 of the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control" - for life.
3. Where a substance is detected in an athlete’s body tissues or fluids which falls within Part I and II of Schedule I of the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control", it shall be regarded as falling primarily within Part I of Schedule I for the purpose of determining the appropriate period of eligibility.
4. An athlete found to have violated Rule 57.4 will be ineligible for the following periods:i) first offence - a public warning ii) second offence - a minimum of three months iii) third offence - a minimum of two years from the date of the hearing at which it is decided that a third offence has been committed.
5. Where an athlete has been declared ineligible, he shall not be entitled to any award or addition to his trust fund to which he would have been entitled by virtue of his appearance and/or performance at the athletics meeting at which the doping offence took place, or at any subsequent meetings. The IAAF or any Member organising a meeting shall ensure that a clause to this effect is contained in any contract with meeting organisers.
6. Where an athlete has committed a doping offence under Rule 60.1(iii), then any result obtained or title gained subsequent to the admitted offence shall cease to be recognised by the IAAF and by the athlete’s Member Federation, and this from the date the athlete admitted the doping offence.
7. Once the period of an athlete’s ineligibility has expired, provided he has complied with Rule 57.6, he will then become automatically reeligible. No application by an athlete or by his National Federation will then be necessary.
8. If the results of any testing carried out on an ineligible athlete (see Rule 57.6) prove positive, this will constitute a separate doping offence, and the athlete will be subject to a further sanction as appropriate.
9. In exceptional circumstances, an athlete may apply to the Council for re-instatement before the IAAF’s period of ineligibility has expired. Where an athlete has provided substantial assistance to a Member in the course of an enquiry into doping carried out by that Member, this will normally be regarded by the Council as constituting exceptional circumstances. A decision on exceptional circumstances shall be made only if the athlete is able to present three negative tests conducted by the Member or the IAAF, with a period of at least one month between each test.
However, it is emphasised that only truly exceptional circumstances will justify any reduction. Details of the procedure and the criteria for application are to be found in the "Procedural Guidelines for Doping Control".
RULE 61 - Recognition
1. Every Member shall inform the IAAF General Secretary promptly, and in all circumstances, within two weeks, of any positive result(s) obtained in the course of doping controls carried out by that Member. These findings shall be considered at the next meeting of the IAAF Council which shall, on behalf of all Members of the IAAF, recognise any positive result(s) obtained. These positive results of doping control carried out by that Member will then be final and binding upon all Members, who shall take the necessary action to render such decision effective.
2. Where doping control has been carried out by the IAAF, every Member shall recognise the results of such doping control and shall take all necessary action to render such decision effective.
3. The Council may, on behalf of all Members of the IAAF, recognise the results of doping control carried out by a sporting body other that the IAAF, or by a Member of that sporting body under Rules and Procedures different from those of the IAAF, if it is satisfied the testing was properly carried out and the rules of the body conducting these tests afford sufficient protection to athletes.
4. Where it is proposed to recognise, at a meeting of the Council, the results of doping control carried out by a sporting body other than the IAAF, or by a Member of that sporting body under Rules and Procedures different from those of the IAAF, an athlete likely to be affected shall be given notice in writing one month before the relevant Council meeting. Should he wish to make representations in writing to the Council, these should be delivered to the General Secretary at least seven days before the date of the meeting.
5. An athlete shall have the right to attend the relevant Council meeting and to make such representations as he feels necessary.
6. If the Council decides that the result of doping control carried out by a sporting body other than the IAAF is to be recognised, then the athlete shall be deemed to have breached the relevant IAAF Rule and will be subject to the same sanctions as an athlete who has done so. All Members shall take all necessary action to ensure that this decision is effective.